“How Deep Should A Borehole In Zimbabwe Be?” is a common question before drilling a borehole.
1. Seasonal Rise And Fall Of The Water Table: During the year, the water table will fluctuate up and down in the borehole in response to seasonal precipitation in the area and local groundwater use. The borehole must therefore be drilled deeper than the lowest expected elevation of the water table. Water level fluctuations may occur over several years if there have been drought conditions. Knowing the lower limit of the range of water levels over several years therefore can be helpful.
2. Surface Contamination Risks: Deeper boreholes that are properly constructed usually provide guaranteed protection from bacterial contamination sources originating at the surface. Increasing the borehole depth and the length of the borehole casing will result in a longer flow path of water from recharge at the surface to pumping from the borehole. The longer the length of time water is in the subsurface, the more opportunity there is for bacteria to die off or be trapped by soil and rock.
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| How Deep Should A Borehole In Zimbabwe Be? |
4. Low Yielding Rock Formations: In low yielding rock formations the borehole may have to be drilled deep enough to serve as a storage cavity for groundwater. Once a borehole is drilled, the total depth, depth to the top of the groundwater table (static level) and diameter of the borehole determine how much water will be stored within the borehole cavity. The larger the borehole diameter the more water will be stored for a given borehole depth and water table elevation.
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